Tuesday, September 13, 2016

Basic Linux Commands Part1

Hi guys, I am writing series of article on Big Data. Industry mostly uses Linux or Unix for deploying their Big Data solution. So here I am covering some basics of Linux-

In Linux most of the work is done with command prompt, for this we use terminal. Other works are done with editors, it is same like notepad in windows.
Please find some useful commands and their use-

Sno.
Command
 Use
1
pwd
Print working directory
2
ls
List
3
ls -a
All listing
4
ls -al
All listing having permission to user
5
ls -alh
Human readable a long listing like 4 KB size
6
cd <directory>
Change directory
7
mkdir <dirname>
Make directory
8
mkdir -p <coolfolder/child/nested>
To create complete path
9
ls Desktop/Coolfolder<tab>
To get data
10
rm -r coolfolder
Remove recursive
11
rm -I coolfile.txt
To notify for remove
12
man <command>
Help or knowledge
13
touch <filename>
To create a file
14
mv tet.txt somefolder/
To move file
15
cp somefolder/text.txt /testcopy.txt
To copy
16
mv test.txt newName.txt
To rename
17
cd ..
Move up a dir
18
cd ../..
Move two up
19
cd <home/username>

20
cd ~
To home dir
21
cat <filename>
To read file
22
cat <filename1> <filename2>
To concat two files output


Editors :

1.      nano <filename>
                                                              i.      use ^X  (ctrl+X) to exit, it will prompt to save the file
                                                            ii.      ^W to search some data
2.      vi <filename>
                                                              i.      for creating files
                                                            ii.      for modifying & appending some text on already existing file
                                                          iii.      for displaying the content of file
                                                          iv.      use :wq to save and exit
                                                            v.      :q! to exit without save

Note : vi editior works on three modes
            Esc mode (Press Esc)
            Insert mode (Press i)
            Colon mode (press shift + ;)
3.      emacs <filename>
                                                              i.      Fast & mostly used by programmers
4.      vim <filename>
                                                              i.      Secure & mostly used by sysadmins



Cat command:
            This is one of the important command. It is mostly used for displaying the file contents, but it has so many other uses too.

o   cat>                 for creating files
o   cat>>               creating files if it is not exit or appending extra text if it is already exist

user@machine:~$ cat > file.txt
Write your content here
o   Press ctrl+d to save and exit
o   Press ctrl+c exiting file without saving
o   But you can’t change the content in previous line
 

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