Basic Linux Commands Part1

Hi guys, I am writing series of article on Big Data. Industry mostly uses Linux or Unix for deploying their Big Data solution. So here I am covering some basics of Linux-

In Linux most of the work is done with command prompt, for this we use terminal. Other works are done with editors, it is same like notepad in windows.

Please find some useful commands and their use-

Sno.	Command Prompt	Command	Use
1	user@machine:~$	pwd	Print working directory
2	user@machine:~$	ls	List
3	user@machine:~$	ls -a	All listing
4	user@machine:~$	ls -al	All listing having permission to user
5	user@machine:~$	ls -alh	Human readable a long listing like 4 KB size
6	user@machine:~$	cd <directory>	Change directory
7	user@machine:~$	mkdir <dirname>	Make directory
8	user@machine:~$	mkdir -p <coolfolder/child/nested>	To create complete path
9	user@machine:~$	ls Desktop/Coolfolder<tab>	To get data
10	user@machine:~$	rm -r coolfolder	Remove recursive
11	user@machine:~$	rm -I coolfile.txt	To notify for remove
12	user@machine:~$	man <command>	Help or knowledge
13	user@machine:~$	touch <filename>	To create a file
14	user@machine:~$	mv tet.txt somefolder/	To move file
15	user@machine:~$	cp somefolder/text.txt /testcopy.txt	To copy
16	user@machine:~$	mv test.txt newName.txt	To rename
17	user@machine:~$	cd ..	Move up a dir
18	user@machine:~$	cd ../..	Move two up
19	user@machine:~$	cd <home/username>
20	user@machine:~$	cd ~	To home dir
21	user@machine:~$	cat <filename>	To read file
22	user@machine:~$	cat <filename1> <filename2>	To concat two files output

Editors :

1.      nano <filename>

                                                              i.      use ^X  (ctrl+X) to exit, it will prompt to save the file

                                                            ii.      ^W to search some data

2.      vi <filename>

                                                              i.      for creating files

                                                            ii.      for modifying & appending some text on already existing file

                                                          iii.      for displaying the content of file

                                                          iv.      use :wq to save and exit

                                                            v.      :q! to exit without save

Note : vi editior works on three modes

            Esc mode (Press Esc)

            Insert mode (Press i)

            Colon mode (press shift + ;)

3.      emacs <filename>

                                                              i.      Fast & mostly used by programmers

4.      vim <filename>

                                                              i.      Secure & mostly used by sysadmins

Cat command:

            This is one of the important command. It is mostly used for displaying the file contents, but it has so many other uses too.

o   cat>                 for creating files

o   cat>>               creating files if it is not exit or appending extra text if it is already exist

user@machine:~$ cat > file.txt

Write your content here

o   Press ctrl+d to save and exit

o   Press ctrl+c exiting file without saving

o   But you can’t change the content in previous line